Changes: Modernism

Revision as of 13:57, 19 March 2021

Modernism was a movement that encompassed philosophy, art, architecture, literature, and music. It lasted from 1910 to 1939, though it appeared to begin in the 1870s and more accurately ended in 1945, after the atomic bomb was dropped.^[1] This led to Postmodernism.

Modernism was a rejection of tradition and the Enlightenment values that had once consumed Europe. People started to feel like ideologies (religious and moral) and culture were falling apart, which went against Enlightenment ideals; Modernism embraced this fragmentation of culture. This means that Modernism can also be seen as a state of mind that continues to this day.

Art

In art, Modernism does not represent one particular style. It valued a rejection of traditional techniques. Modernism in art meant experimenting, which led to the use of new styles, materials, and techniques.

Art movements that are a part of Modernism include Impressionism, Expressionism, Fauvism, and Cubism.

Artists

George Ault
Carlos Quizpez Asín
Hélène de Beauvoir
Georges Braque
Patrick Bruce
Paul Cézanne
Francis Criss
Stuart Davis
André Derain
Robert Delaunay
Arthur Dove
Marcel Duchamp
Henri le Fauconnier
Suzy Frelinghuysen
Roger de La Fresnaye
El Greco
Albert Gleizes
Juan Gris
Javad Hamidi
Marsden Hartley
Joy Hester
Steven Hirsch
Wassily Kandinsky
Yervand Kochar
Fernand Leger
Édouard Manet
John Marin
Henri Matisse
Jean Metzinger
Claude Monet
Edvard Munch
Elie Nadelman
Georgia O'Keeffe
Pablo Picasso
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Paritosh Sen
Charles Sheeler
Joseph Stella
Heitor Villa-Lobos

Architecture

"Form follows function" was a saying that best represented modernism in architecture. This meant a rejection of excessive ornamentation, the use of asymmetrical design, an analytical approach to the function of buildings, and innovation. The use of new materials - including reinforced concrete, curtain walls, steel frames, and ribbon windows - was also a part of Modernism.

Modernism in architecture includes De Stijl and Bauhaus.

Architects

Marcel Breuer
Le Corbusier
Walter Grobius
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Kenzo Tange
Frank Lloyd Wright

Music

Modernism in music included a rejection of tonality, meter, and all else that was traditional.

Composers

Bela Bartok
Aaron Copland
Claude Debussy
George Gershwin
Philip Glass
Percy Grainger
Paul Hindemith
Charles Ives
Oliver Knussen
Franz Liszt
Gustav Mahler
Olivier Messiaen
Francis Poulenc
Sergei Prokofiev
Maurice Ravel
Erik Satie
Arnold Schoenberg
Alexander Scriabin
Dmitri Shostakovich
Igor Stravinsky
Karol Szymanowski
Anton Webern

Playlists

Writing

Like all aspects of Modernism, writers also focussed on a rejection of tradition. This led to the development of unreliable narrators, as well as the use of stream-of-consciousness, multiple perspectives, and interior monologue.

Writers

Sherwood Anderson
Joseph Conrad
Rubén Darío
T. S. Eliot
William Faulkner
James Joyce
Nagai Kafu
Oskar Kokoschka
Mina Loy
José Martí
Marianne Moore
Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera
Liu Na'ou
Rajat Neogy
Christopher Okigbo
Ezra Pound
Marcel Proust
Mu Shiying
Wole Soyinka
Gertrude Stein
Jun'ichiro Tanizaki
Virginia Woolf
Kawabata Yasunari
Shi Zhecun

Books

Nightwood by Djuna Barnes
Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett
The Stranger by Albert Camus
The Sound and the Fury by William Faulkner
The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce
Dubliners by James Joyce
Finnegans Wake by James Joyce
Ulysses by James Joyce
The Trial by Franz Kafka
Swann's Way by Marcel Proust
All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque
Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf
To the Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf

Plays

Mörder, Hoffnung der Frauen (Eng. Murderer, Hope of Women), by Oskar Kokoschka
The Son, by Walter Hasenclever

Gallery

References

https://www.christies.com/features/5-key-moments-in-American-Modernism-9518-1.aspx

↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SozfIGPf58o

[1] ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SozfIGPf58o

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Aesthetic|title1=Modernism|image1=Wrightfallingwater.jpg|decade_of_origin=late 19th-century|key_values=experimentation<br>a break from the past|caption1=Fallingwater (Frank Lloyd Wright)|related_aesthetics=[[Abstract]]<br>[[Constructivism]]<br>[[Cubism]]<br>[[Dadaism]]<br>[[De Stijl]]<br>[[Expressionism]]<br>[[Fauvism]]<br>[[Futurism]]<br>[[Impressionism]]<br>[[Purism]]<br>[[Suprematism]]<br>[[Surrealism]]<br>[[Vorticism]]|key_colours=Grays, muted colors}}
+{{Aesthetic|title1=Modernism|image1=Wrightfallingwater.jpg|decade_of_origin=late 19th-century|key_values=experimentation<br>a break from the past|caption1=Fallingwater (Frank Lloyd Wright)|related_aesthetics=[[Abstract]]<br>[[Constructivism]]<br>[[Cubism]]<br>[[Dadaism]]<br>[[De Stijl]]<br>[[Expressionism]]<br>[[Fauvism]]<br>[[Futurism]]<br>[[Impressionism]]<br>[[Purism]]<br>[[Suprematism]]<br>[[Surrealism]]<br>[[Vorticism]]}}
 '''Modernism''' was a movement that encompassed philosophy, art, architecture, literature, and music. It lasted from 1910 to 1939, though it appeared to begin in the 1870s and more accurately ended in 1945, after the atomic bomb was dropped.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SozfIGPf58o</ref> This led to [[Postmodernism]].
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 === Artists ===
+* George Ault
 * Carlos Quizpez Asín
 * Hélène de Beauvoir
 * Georges Braque
+* Patrick Bruce
 * Paul Cézanne
+* Francis Criss
+* Stuart Davis
 * André Derain
 * Robert Delaunay
+* Arthur Dove
 * Marcel Duchamp
 * Henri le Fauconnier
+* Suzy Frelinghuysen
 * Roger de La Fresnaye
 * El Greco
@@ Line 24: / Line 29: @@
 * Juan Gris
 * Javad Hamidi
+* Marsden Hartley
 * Joy Hester
+* Steven Hirsch
 * Wassily Kandinsky
 * Yervand Kochar
 * Fernand Leger
 * Édouard Manet
+* John Marin
 * Henri Matisse
 * Jean Metzinger
 * Claude Monet
 * Edvard Munch
+* Elie Nadelman
+* Georgia O'Keeffe
 * Pablo Picasso
 * Pierre-Auguste Renoir
-* Heitor Villa-Lobos
 * Paritosh Sen
+* Charles Sheeler
+* Joseph Stella
+* Heitor Villa-Lobos
 == Architecture ==
@@ Line 157: / Line 170: @@
 Hoch-cut-kitchen-knife-weimar.jpg|Cut with the Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany (Hannah Höch, 1919-1920)
 Picasso-fruit-violin-bottle.jpg|Bowl of Fruit, Violin and Bottle (Picasso)
+Ault-new england.jpg|New England Landscape (George Ault, 1933)
+Bruce-nature-morte.jpg|Nature Morte (Patrick Bruce, 1924)
+Charles-catwalk-modernism.jpg|Cat-walk (Charles Sheeler, 1947)
+Stella-tree-life.jpg|Tree of My Life (Joseph Stella, 1919)
+Suzy-composition-1934.jpg|Composition(Suzy Frelinghuysen, 1943)
+Picasso-nature-compotier.jpg|Still Life with Compote and Glass (Pablo Picasso, 1914-1915)
 </gallery>
 ==References==
+https://www.christies.com/features/5-key-moments-in-American-Modernism-9518-1.aspx
 [[Category:Written]]
 [[Category:Needs work]]